FISH FEED AND PET FOOD EXTRUSION PRODUCTION LINE
Driving extrusion line feed:
WAREHOUSE OF RAW MATERIALS - EXTRUDER (DRY EXTRUSION) - ROLLER MILL- HAMMER MILL - HOPPER + FEEDER / MICRODOSER - SCALES - MIXER - HOPPER - PRECONDITIONER - EXTRUDER WITH PRECONDITIONER - VIBRATING SCREEN - DRYER - COATING MACHINE + FAT DISPENSER - COOLER – WAREHOUSE OF THE READY PRODUCTS
WAREHOUSE OF RAW MATERIALS:
For the production of fish feed and pet food the right storage must be provided:
bulk grain crops and solvent cakes
oil cakes with high fat content
components of animal origin (meat and bone meal, fish and bone meal, meat emulsions, etc.)
fat (solid or liquid)
protein and vitamin supplements
EXTRUDER (dry extrusion):
The pretreated grain crops and grain mixtures with components of animal origin are processed in the extruder.
The requirements to the processed mixture:
moisture - 16%
fat - 12%
ADVANTAGES OF EXTRUSION:
decontamination of the grain crops and components of animal origion
increasing the digestibility of grain
increasing the volume of feed components (reduction of the specific weight)
ROLLER MILL:
This machine provides the pre-grinding of components until a homogeneous fraction (coarse grit).
HAMMER MILL:
The components are milled to a homogeneous fraction - meal / powder / fine grits.The degree of grinding is directly connected with the outside marketable final product - extruded high-protein feed.
HOPPER OF COMPONENTS:
Hopper capacity is calculated on the basis of:
Capacity of extruder with preconditioner - 20 t / d
need for components (according to formulation) for continuous operation of thr extruder with preconditioner
FEEDER / MICRODOSER:
feeds protein and vitamin supplement and premixes to scales
SCALES:
Proportions the liquid components.
MIXER:
The product is well mixed until smooth.
HOPPER OF MIXED PRODUCT:
fulfills two important tasks:
"The mixture is stored" according to moisture and fat content. The moisture and fats must be not only between the feed particles, they must penetrate the particles themselves.
The hopper ensures the continuous extrusion process. In mixer the process is cyclic and it is unacceptable for the extruder.
PRECONDITIONER:
the pre-heating of mixture with the help of dry steam;
adding water – the moisture of mixture is 18-20%;
adding fats – additional 5-6%;
optional adding 5,2% of emulsion with animal origin components;
the mixture is mixed for at least 3 minutes
In the preconditioner of the extruder the feedstock is heated up to 90-95 ° C, mixed, the moisture is increased by 1- 2%.
Before entering the extruder barrel some protein and vitamin supplement or premixes can be added to the feedstock.
Inside the extruder barrel such processes as sterilization, dehydration, granulation and texturing of the final product are taking place, the important moments are a short time of cooking which is a few seconds only and temperature of 80-105 °C
The shape and size of feed pellets depends on the forming die and rotation speed of the blades (that cut extrudate pellets which exit the die).
VIBRATING SCREEN:
Dust and fine grits which usually occur during the output from the extruder
are removed due to vibrating screen mechanism,
DRYER:
The feed is dried to 10-12%.
COATING MACHINE:
The dried, but still hot feed is consistently fatted (with fats of different viscosity).
Cylindrical coating machines usually have 2-4 nozzles (at different length / depth of the cylinder). The main task is not to ruin the pellet during the rotation process.
The coating machine can raise the fat content of the product from 8-12% to 18-22%.
FAT DISPENSER:
The spray system that allow you to regulate fat quantity.
COOLER:
The feed is cooled to a temperature which is 10 degrees higher than the temperature in the shop.
The cooler stops the process of thermal processing of feed and prevents the denaturation of proteins.
WAREHOUSE OF THE READY PRODUCTS:
After cooling, the extruded feed is sent to packaging and storage.